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Culpepper and Sumner
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SLIDE CONTENTS
- New Requirements For Soil Fumigant Pesticide Products EPA and UGA Grower Trainings Nov 2010 Culpepper and Sumner
- 2 2 2 Reregistration Eligibility Decisions “REDs” Re-licensing decisions for chemicals used as soil fumigants Methyl Bromide Chloropicrin Metam Sodium/Metam Potassium Dazomet Module 1: The EPA Regulatory Process CHANGES BEGIN WITH NEW LABELS EXPECTED AROUND DECEMBER 1, 2010
- 3 3 3 Goals of Mitigation Measures Package of measures that work together to: Reduce potential for direct exposure to toxic concentrations likelihood of accidents and errors Foster planning and compliance Assure appropriate response to exposures Module 1: The EPA Regulatory Process
- 4 4 Implementation Schedule ? under development ? adopt Module 1: Outreach & Implementation
- 5 5 Application Methods Hot gas Shank bedded Rotor tiller Drip irrigation Center pivot Shank broadcast shank no tarp Spray blade Tree hole
- 6 Examples of Generic GAPs Soil moisture Appropriate for soil type Determined using USDA’s Feel and Appearance method or an instrument Soil preparation good tilth free of large clods crop residue (if present) must not interfere with soil seal Photos courtesy of USDA NRCS
- 7 Another Example of a Generic GAP Soil temperature Maximum soil temperature is 90 degrees F Depth of soil temperature measurement varies
- 8 Other GAPs Soil seal Calibrate, maintain, and clean equipment Prevent end-row spillage Module 4: Good Agricultural Practices
- 9 Protections for Handlers & Workers (2010)
- 10 10 Restricted Use Pesticide Classification Before reregistration: -Restricted use: methyl bromide 1,3-dichloropropene chloropicrin -Non-restricted use products (most) metam sodium/potassium (most) dazomet After reregistration: ALL are restricted use Module 5: Protections for Handlers & Workers
- 11 Who is a “handler”? Module 5: Protections for Handlers & Workers
- 12 12 Supervision of Handlers Non-water run applications (e.g., shank, hot gas) “Certified applicators must be at the fumigation site in the line of sight of the application and must directly supervise all persons performing handling activities” Water run applications (e.g., center pivot, drip) Certified applicator must be at site to begin the application Certified applicator or handlers under supervision of certified applicator must return every two hours to check on application Handlers communicate with certified applicator via cell phone or other means Module 5: Protections for Handlers & Workers
- 13 13 Handlers Example Must Wear Proper PPE: Example Metam CLR Label: Page 2: chemigation Long-sleeve shirt and long pants Shoes plus socks Protective eyewear AND you now determine who wears an APR
- 14 14 Respiratory Protection for Handlers If experiencing sensory irritation, handlers must either: Stop work, leave area & monitor air concentrations Resume work only when concentrations are below trigger level & irritation is gone OR Wear a respirator & resume work -Measure air concentration every 2 hours -Stop work if having sensory irritation while wearing respirator, or measured concentration exceeds upper working limit of respirator If still having sensory irritation, can resume work only when concentrations are below trigger level, irritation is gone, and have changed respirator cartridge Note: air purifying respirators are required for methyl bromide products with less than 20% chloropicrin Module 5: Protections for Handlers & Workers
- 15 Module 5: Protections for Handlers & Workers Figure A. Requirements when handlers cease operations
- 16 16 Figure B. Requirements when handlers resume work while using a respirator
- 17 Module 5: Protections for Handlers & Workers Number of Handlers and Respirators Required On-site During Handler Activities
- 18 18 Handlers who use respirators must be: fit-tested trained physically fit to wear a respirator* * http://www.osha.gov/pls/oshaweb/owadisp.show_document?p_table=STANDARDS&p_id=9783 Module 5: Protections for Handlers & Workers
- 19 19 Handlers who use respirators must be: fit-tested trained physically fit to wear a respirator* * http://www.osha.gov/pls/oshaweb/owadisp.show_document?p_table=STANDARDS&p_id=9783 Module 5: Protections for Handlers & Workers For Pic mixtures: at least 2 air purifying respirators and 1 SCBA on site when handling actives performed For metam: at least 1 air purifying respirator on site when handling activities are performed
- A self contained breathing apparatus, or SCBA, sometimes referred to as a Compressed Air Breathing Apparatus (CABA), air pack, or simply Breathing Apparatus (BA) is a device worn by rescue workers, firefighters, and others to provide breathable air if the max use concentration for the APR is exceeded, the air concnetration is unknow, or there is ann an IDLH (Immediate Danger to Life and Health) Atmosphere. An SCBA typically has three main components: a high-pressure tank (e.g., 2200 psi to 4500 psi), a pressure regulator, and an inhalation connection (mouthpiece, mouth mask or face mask), connected together and mounted to a carrying frame. National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
- Emergency Escape Breathing Apparatus – are for escape only and Not Approved for responding to spills or other emergencies
- Respirators – must be fit tested and use the appropriate cartridges for the fumigant product being used. Half Faced Respirators Full Faced Respirators Fit Tested No Facial hair that interferes with skin and face-piece seal
- The OSHA Standard 1910.134 (1998) requires fit testing of all respirators including those with positive pressure. The respirator fit test is done to check that the mask size and mask model chosen fits the face. The fit test confirms that the mask fits the wearer's face and that there is minimal air leakage between the face and the mask. A respirator medical evaluation (questionnaire) conducted within the last 12 months by a qualified Licensed Healthcare Practitioner (LHP) or physician. RESPIRATOR FIT TESTING
- Qualitative fit testing is adequate and will comply with all APRs and most SCBAs (some SCBAs used for fire fighting may require quantitative fit test but these will not likely be used by applicators). Sample of total costs for having a company come to do fit tests and medical questionnaires are as follows: for less than 10 workers: $100 per worker, 11-20 workers: $78 per worker, 21-30 workers: $58 per worker (see http://bestfittest.com/ ). Companies may be willing to negotiate competitive prices. Quantitative fit testing gives an objective measure of the quality of the seal between the wearer's face and the facepiece. A fit factor number is produced. TWO TYPES OF FIT TESTING Growers can do their own fit testing as long as they conduct once a year and document using an approved test. Cost:$8200 Rental:$600.00 Supplies: $125/24 test Respirator Adapter: $125 - 275
- Gas Detection tubes - $12.00/sampling tube Detector tube Pump - $340.00 - $400.00 GAS DETECTION
- Handheld volatile organic compound (VOC) detector Its uses Photoionization Detector (PID) MiniRAE 2000 $3,500- 5,000 PHOTOVAC
- 28 Tarp Perforation & Removal Perforation 5 days after fumigant application is complete Removal 2 hours after perforation is complete Module 5: Protections for Handlers & Workers
- 29 Tarp Perforation Requirements - Broadcast Applications Must perforate each panel of tarp (mechanically) two hours before removal Complete before noon Cannot perforate if rainfall is expected within 12 hours Module 5: Protections for Handlers & Workers
- 30 Early Tarp Perforation & Removal Early removal (before 5 days) for broadcast applications Only if integrity of tarp is compromised by adverse weather conditions & tarp poses a safety hazard Early perforation - flood prevention activities Module 5: Protections for Handlers & Workers
- 31 Entry Restricted Period by Scenario
- 32 Scenario 1 - Entry Restricted Period for Untarped Applications Shank Untarped Drip Untarped Center Pivot 5 days after application is complete
- 33 Scenario 2 - Entry Restricted Period for Tarped Applications If tarps are perforated & removed less than 14 days… Enter after tarp is removed Module 5: Protections for Handlers & Workers
- 34 Scenario 3 - (Not ideal, may lose efficacy) Entry Restricted Period for Tarped Applications When tarps remain on field at least 14 days, but poke hole between days 5 and 14 … Enter 48 hours after perforating tarps Module 5: Protections for Handlers & Workers
- 35 Scenario 4 (Ideal) - Entry Restricted Period for Tarped Applications When tarps remain on field at least 14 days and are not perforated for 14 days or more… Enter after 5 days Module 5: Protections for Handlers & Workers
- 36 Summary All soil fumigants will be restricted use “Handlers” is defined – and activities listed on label Handlers must stop work or wear a respirator if experiencing sensory irritation Tarps must remain on treated fields for 5 days after application, with some exceptions Only protected handlers can enter the application block during the entry restricted period Entry restricted period varies by application scenario Module 5: Protections for Handlers & Workers
- Fumigant Management Plans and Post Application Summary Reports
- 38 38 38 What is a Fumigant Management Plan (FMP)? A written, site-specific plan prepared before fumigation begins Plan all aspects of a safe and effective fumigation to help: Prevent accidents Ensure, demonstrate & verify compliance Define procedures in case of accidents or unforeseen events Module 6: FMPs
- 39 FMPs – Who? Completed by grower, commercial applicator, crop consultant, or others Certified applicator in charge: Verifies accuracy Signs May be farm-wide Common information in one place Separate sections for information unique to each fumigant application Must be available to handlers, enforcement personnel, and emergency response personnel Module 6: FMPs
- 40 40 Record Keeping Keep FMPs and Post Application Summaries for 2 years supervising certified applicator owner/operator (if not the certified applicator) Keep with other records required for application of RUPs Module 6: FMPs & Post Application Summary
- 41 FMP Templates and Tools Adobe Acrobat templates Microsoft Word templates Web-based tool Module 6: Templates and Tools
- 42 42 42 FMP Sample Template Module 6: FMP Template
- 43 43 43 FMP Sample Template Module 6: FMP Template
- 44 44 44 FMP Sample Template Module 6: FMP Template
- 45 45 45 FMP Sample Template Module 6: FMP Template
- 46 46 46 FMP Sample Template
- 47 Post Application Summary Sample Template Module 6: Post Application Template
- 48 Post Application Summary Sample Template Module 6: Post Application Template
- 49 Buffer Zones Distances, Credits & Posting (2011)
- 50 50 Treated field Roadway Fence Posted Sign Posted Sign Module 7: Buffer Zones
- 51 51 Treated Area Posting Signs (already required on labels) Module 7: Buffer Zones
- 52 “Do Not Walk” symbol DO NOT ENTER/NO ENTRE, [Name of fumigant, name of product] Fumigant BUFFER ZONE” certified applicator contact information Buffer zone sign must include: Module 7: Buffer Zones
- 53 Information for Handlers (2010) Registrants must develop and disseminate basic safety information for handlers Increase fumigant handlers’ safety awareness Information: Safe handling practices Respiratory protection Early signs of exposure What to do in case of exposure or emergency Certified applicators must make sure handlers receive information within the last year Module 9: Registrant Requirements
- 54 54 Training for Certified Applicators (2011) Required for certified applicators in charge of fumigations Increase knowledge and skill Information on how to: Correctly apply fumigants Protect workers and others Comply with new label requirements Module 9: Registrant Requirements
- 55 EPA Contact Information General Contact: John Leahy (703) 305-6703 Module 1: The EPA Regulatory Process UGA Commercial Vegetable Information Website http://www.caes.uga.edu/commodities/fruits/veg/index.html
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